What is angioedema?

Angioedema is a condition characterized by swelling that occurs in the deeper layers of the skin, often caused by an allergic reaction. This swelling typically manifests around the face, lips, throat, and sometimes the limbs. It can resemble hives, but unlike regular hives, which are more superficial and itchy, angioedema can be painful and might occur without the typical skin manifestations.

The correct answer highlights the specific nature of angioedema as a reaction that impacts deeper layers of the skin, which is crucial in recognizing and understanding the condition. This knowledge is especially important in a pharmacy setting, as it can be a response to certain medications or allergens, necessitating proper identification and management to prevent complications, such as airway obstruction from swelling in the throat.

Other options describe conditions that do not relate to the definition of angioedema: an abnormal heartbeat is a cardiac issue, a type of cancer encompasses a broad range of malignancies, and an infection in the digestive tract pertains to gastrointestinal disturbances. Each of these conditions has distinct symptoms and treatments that are separate from the pathophysiology of angioedema. Understanding these distinctions reinforces the importance of accurate medical terminology in practice.