What condition is characterized by inflammation or swelling of the cavities surrounding the nasal passages?

Sinusitis is the condition characterized by inflammation or swelling of the cavities surrounding the nasal passages, known as the sinuses. This condition can occur when the mucous membranes lining the sinuses become inflamed, often due to an infection, allergies, or other irritants. Symptoms of sinusitis typically include facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, and a reduced sense of smell. The inflammation can cause mucus to build up in the sinuses, leading to further discomfort and potential complications.

In contrast, rhinorrhea refers to a runny nose, which can be a symptom of various conditions but does not specifically denote inflammation of the sinuses. Pharyngitis is the inflammation of the pharynx, often resulting in a sore throat, and is not related to the nasal passages. Bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes, affecting the airways leading to the lungs, which is distinct from the sinus cavities. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why sinusitis is the correct answer in this context.